Ripapelika o Roma

O le Ripapelika o Roma (Latina: Res publica Romana) o se vaitaimi i le talafaasolopito i le atunu'u o Roma.^[1]^[2] Na amata le Ripapelika mai le fa'ato'ilaloina e le Tupu mulimuli i le tausaga 509 BC, ae gata i le tausaga 27 BC mai le fa'atuina o le Emepaea o Roma.^[3]^[4] O le vaiaimi a le Ripapelika, na faalautele ai le pulega a Roma mai le siosiomaga lata agai i le pulega a le Metitrani atoa.^[5]

Malo
Ripapelika o Roma Res Publica Roma
Roman Republic
Aʻai laumua (foi le aʻai tele)	Roma
Gagana aloaia	Latina
• Faiga	Konesula Ripapelika
Eria
• Aofai	1,950,000 km² 750,000 sq mi
Faitau aofaʻi
• Vavalalata	{{{population_density}}}/km² ({{{population_density_rank}}}) {{{population_densitymi²}}}/sq mi
Sone Taimi	{{{time_zone}}} (UTC{{{utc_offset}}})
Tulafono Initaneti	{{{cctld}}}

O le sosaiete ma aganuu a Roma, sa aofia ai vaega o tagata Italia ma Eleni. Sa sili ona lagonaina lo latou aafiaga i le lotu a Roma lea sa tutusa ai nisi o faiga ma talitonuga.^[6] O faʻalapotopotoga faʻapolokiki na atiaʻe i le taimi lava e tasi e pei o le faatemokalasi tuusaʻo i Eleni anamua, faʻatasi ai ma faʻatonuga faʻaletausaga va'aia e se senate.^[7] Sa iai palota i tausaga uma, ae lei moni le faatinoina e Roma talu ai le malosi o aiga mauoa e pulea galuega faapolokiki.^[8] O faʻalapotopotoga a Roma na faia ni suiga tetele e faʻafetaui i faigata na feagai ma ia, e pei o le faiga oni suiga fou i le tuufaatasiga o le senate.^[9]

I le vaitaimi atoa o le Ripapelika, sa iai i se tulaga o se taua toetoe lava e le tumau.^[5] O latou fili muamua o tagata Latina ma Italia, e oo foi i tagata Kalia (Gauls) na latou oo i le taulaga a Roma ma faua le aai i le tausaga 390 BC.^[10] Ina ua uma le na faiga, na faatoilaloina e Roma le pitonu'u atoa o Italia i le seneturi e tasi ma avea ai ma malosiaga tele i le Metitirani.^[11] O lona fili sili o Karefasi (Carthage), lea na ia tauina ai taua e tolu. Na faiaina Karefasi i le tausaga 202 BC, ma sefe ai loa le tulaga a Roma i totonu o le Metitirani.^[12]^[13]^[14] Sa liliu loa le Ripapelika agai isi itulagi, ma tau ai tauga faigata agai ia Maketonia, Eleni, Kalia, Peresia, ma Aikupito.^[15]^[16]

I totonu o le atunuu, sa fetauai tagata mauoa e ta'u o "Patisiana" (Patricians), ma tagata lautele e tau o "Pelepeia" (Plebians), mo le fa'amoemoe e fai ma sui i faiga fa'apolokiki. Na faaiu filemu le feteenaiga lea, ma maua e tagata Pelepeia tulaga tutusa faapolokiki i le senituri 4 BC.^[17]^[18]

I tausaga mulimuli ane a le Ripapelika , mai le 133 BC, na amata na vevesi solo tagata o le atunuu, aemaise le senatoa a le malo.^[4] O le vaega e tasi na taua o "Optimates" po'o tagata e le tetee, o lesi vaega na taua o "Populares" po'o tagata e tetee. O kulupu ia e lua sa vevesi i itu uma o le Ripapelika, mai le faiga a sosaiete i le faiga o le polokiti.^[19]^[20] Sa tau foi Roma ma latou paga i Italia, talu ai sitiseni ma le pulega saua a Roma. O nei feteenaiga na fa'ateleina sauaga fa'alotoifale.^[21]

Na amata se taua tele fa'alemalo mai i le tausaga e 88-82 BC^[22]^[23], ma na toe tupu foi lesi taua i le 49 BC ma i'u ai i le manumalo o Iulio Kaisara ma le kulupu tetee.^[24]^[25] Ina ua fasiotia Kaisara i le 44 BC, na tupu ai le taua fa'alemalo mulimuli, ae gata i le avega o Aokuso ma Emeperoa o Roma i le tausaga 27 BC. O i, e gata ai le iuga o le Ripapelika, ma le amataga a le Emepaea.^[3]^[4]

fa'asinomaga

[1] ttps://www.thoughtco.com/ancient-roman-timeline-120790

[2] ttps://www.mpm.edu/research-collections/anthropology/anthropology-collections-research/mediterranean-oil-lamps/roman-empire-brief-history

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/romes-transition-republic-empire/

[:1-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 https://web.ics.purdue.edu/~rauhn/fall_of_republic.htm

[:2-5] 5.0 ^5.1 https://www.worldhistory.org/timeline/Roman_Warfare/

[6] ttps://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Rome/Culture-and-religion

[7] ttps://www.ushistory.org/civ/6a.asp

[8] ttps://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/patricians.html

[9] ttps://www.worldhistory.org/article/1601/legacy-of-the-ancient-romans/

[10] ttps://www.worldhistory.org/article/910/the-sack-of-rome-by-the-gauls-390-bce/

[11] ttps://www.thelatinlibrary.com/imperialism/notes/samnitewars.html

[12] ttps://www.britannica.com/event/Punic-Wars

[13] ttps://www.worldhistory.org/Punic_Wars/

[14] ttps://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191737862.timeline.0001

[15] ttps://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Rome/Roman-expansion-in-the-western-Mediterranean

[16] ttps://objects.lib.uidaho.edu/etd/pdf/Smith_idaho_0089N_12746.pdf

[17] ttps://vroma.org/vromans/bmcmanus/orders.html

[18] ttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Conflict-of-the-Orders

[19] ttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Optimates-and-Populares

[20] ttps://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780195389661/obo-9780195389661-0323.xml

[21] ttps://www.worldhistory.org/Social_War/

[22] ttps://www.heritage-history.com/index.php?c=resources&s=war-dir&f=wars_sullacivil

[23] ttps://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780195389661/obo-9780195389661-0352.xml

[24] ttps://www.livius.org/articles/person/caesar/caesar-06/

[25] ttps://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/julius_caesar.html

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